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Baladk Festival: raising awareness about water scarcity through street art
Jordan’s capital Amman hosted, in October 2021, the 9th edition of the “Baladk Street & Urban Art Festival”, organized by Al Balad Theater. The international and local artists participating in this ye...
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The Jobs & Cities Approach
In the countries where AFD operates, cities are key sources of economic and job opportunities, but also places of social and territorial inequalities. It is therefore crucial to implement strategies t...
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Checks and balance, Political Leadership, and Bureaucratic Autonomy: Evidence from National Development Banks
A long standing view in the political economy of bureaucracy holds that the quality of political governance is the foundation of high quality development agencies. However, the existing literature doe...
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Piloting and Scaling Up Clean Energy Transitions: The Role of Development Finance Institutions
In this paper, the authors examine the role of development finance institutions (DFIs) in piloting clean energy transitions by conducting in-depth case studies with representative multilateral develop...
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Exchange rate and balance of payment risks in the global development finance architecture
The authors analyze the exchange rate and balance of payment crisis risks when MDBs lend, in hard currency, to NDBs, for NDBs to onlend to investment projects. Investment projects maybe “export-enhanc...
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Matching risks with instruments in development banks
This paper explores how development banks should deploy appropriate financial instruments to encourage real economic risk-taking while minimizing financial engineering risks. We distinguish real econo...
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Climate Change and Development Bank Project Cycles
In the five years since the Paris Agreement, Development Finance Institutions have made various commitments to aligning their operations with climate change goals. In this report, we analyze the exten...
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The Global Development Banks’ Architecture
This paper looks at the role, evolution and regional coverage of the system of multilateral and national development banks (MDBs and NDBs) and international climate change funds. It analyzes the roles...
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The Sustainable Housing Initiative (Shi) to Promote Access to Affordable Homes
AFD has launched the Sustainable Housing Initiative (SHI) to support access to decent housing. This multi-country facility aims to support the implementation of affordable and sustainable housing poli...
Editorial page
From global to local: Subnational development banks in the era of Sustainable Development Goals
Financing the implementation of the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has been a development challenge since the establishment of the 2030 Agenda – especially under the unequal circumstan...
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Scaling up public development banks’ transformative alignment with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
Before the Covid-19 crisis struck, numbers said that implementing the 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) would cost between USD 50 trillion and USD 70 trillion, over a 10-year pe...
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Can development banks step up to the challenge of sustainable development?
The great planetary challenges, be it the climate, loss of nature or human solidarity, call for concerted actions at all levels, on a scale commensurate with the problems. Yet, this transformative cha...
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Carbon Policies and Climate Financial Regulation
We analyze optimal climate financial regulation to address the question when capital requirements should be differentiated in order to encourage climate related investments. We distinguish between two...
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Effective development banking: loans or guarantees?
How should National Development Banks (NDBs) assess the cost-effectiveness of using loans and loan guarantees in order to choose the type of financial instrument most appropriate for each program? We...
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Evaluation Summary - Project to Support Vocational Training in Vietnam
In Vietnam, in the field of vocational training, the Vocational Training Support Project (VTSP) underwent a mid-term evaluation in March 2019. The project aims to support the implementation of the...
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Evaluation Summary - Pastoral Water Programme in Central Chad, Second Phase (Almy Al Afia 2)
In Chad, the pastoral water programme in central Chad, 2nd phase - Almy Al Afia 2 (CTD1125), was evaluated in 2020. The main objective of the programme was to secure the pastoral economy, strengthen s...
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Using Carbon Revenues
In 2019, 42% of the aggregate carbon revenue was channeled to the general state budget, 47% was allocated to environmental or broader projects, 5% went to tax cuts and 6% to direct transfers to famili...
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Ko Naing Oo and a life in harmony with dolphins in Myanmar
The Irrawaddy dolphin has seen its population plummet by half in the last 60 years. This species is classified as Endangered on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The objective of this project,...
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The allocation of resources of national development banks
Public financial institutions and National Development Banks (NDBs) in particular are well suited to fill financing gaps in un- or under- served markets. By virtue of their developmental mandate, and...
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Energy Transition - Activity report 2024
Supporting the energy transition in developing and emerging countries is key to achieving climate targets. It is also a real opportunity for development, aligned with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable D...
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